Hydrofluoric Acid Burn on a Fingertip Treated Successfully with Single Session of Subcutaneous Injection of 6.7% Calcium Gluconate

Vol. 28, No. 5, 2016 639 Received February 12, 2015, Revised July 7, 2015, Accepted for publication August 18, 2015 Corresponding author: Chul Woo Kim, Department of Dermatology, Kangdong Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, 150 Seongan-ro, Gangdong-gu, Seoul 05355, Korea. Tel: 82-2-2224-2285, Fax: 82-2-474-7913, E-mail: [email protected] This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/ licenses/by-nc/4.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Copyright © The Korean Dermatological Association and The Korean Society for Investigative Dermatology tery disease. Considering that patients with HAIR-AN syndrome often present with cosmetic concerns such as virilization and AN, dermatologists must maintain a high index of suspicion for HAIR-AN syndrome. It has been hypothesized that AN is caused by long-term exposure of the keratinocytes to excessive insulin via binding of insulin-like growth factor receptors (IGF-R) with resultant hyperplasia of the skin. In fact, insulin-like growth factor accelerates keratinocyte proliferation. Expression of loricrin was enhanced in IGF-1R-deficient murine keratinocyte. However, in vivo expression of proliferation and/or differentiation-related molecules on AN has not been reported. The present results of the immunohistochmistry support those in vitro studies and clearly demonstrate that hyperproliferation and abnormal differentiation of epidermis took place under insulin resistant condition in vivo, presumably via IGF-R signaling. REFERENCES